Investigating the 6 outcomes of the Crimean war
Sir Samuel Morton Peto was an English entrepreneur in the 19Th Century and in 1854 during the Crimean war he constructed, along side Betts and Brassey, the Grand Crimean Central Railway between Balaclava and Sevastopol to transport supplies to the troops at the front line. The Railway’s purpose was to supply ammunition and provisions to Allied soldiers in the siege of Sevastopol who were stationed on raised ground between Balaclava and Sevastopol and also carried the world’s first hospital train. This railway was a major factor leading to the success of the siege.
Hearing the news of the conditions for the soldiers in the Crimea through the reporting of Russell Howard William, Samuel Morton Peto offered to build the railway at cost without any contract or personal advantage to transport supplies from the port of Balaclava to the troops outside Sevastopol. They promised that the railway would be working within three weeks of arriving at balaclava.
The existence of the railway meant that sufficient supplies and armaments had been transported to the plateau for the allies to resume their attack. During the second winter, the supplies carried by the railway were different. As the siege had ended, the carriage of ammunition was less important, and the supplies transported were more for the accommodation and the comfort of the troops, including huts to replace tents, clothing, food, books and medical supplies.
Cholera was a major factor that effected England, especially London as living conditions were crowded so the disease traveled quickly. The disease was thought to be air born and so people were urged to drink more water, however, the real cause of the disease was the water as it was water born disease and all the waste in the water was causing the public health problems. The disease was also present among the troops in the Crimea and therefore the troops were allowed to wear beards, to save them from cutting themselves to pieces while attempting to shave. Mary Seacole heard about the cholera epidemic she traveled to London to offer her services to the British Army. There was considerable prejudice against women's involvement in medicine and her offer was rejected.
During the Crimean war she volunteered for duty and took 38 nurses to Scutari in 1854, where she established a military hospital, imposing strict discipline and standards of sanitation, which reduced the mortality rate amongst the wounded drastically. She became known as the 'Lady with the Lamp' because of her lamp lit tours of inspection. She returned to England and with a testimonial fund of £50,000 founded nursing homes in London's hospitals, the first of which was St Thomas's. She was also instrumental in improving living conditions in the army. Florence spent much of the rest of her life giving advice and wrote 'Notes on Nursing' which was published in 1859 and reprinted through many editions.
Edward Cardwell was Secretary of State for War between 1870 and 1874; he embarked on a much-needed reform of the British army which continued after he left political life, exhausted by his struggle with the army. The Crimean War (1854-6) had highlighted the shortcomings of the Commissariat and supply departments; it had also demonstrated that reforms were essential. The Indian Mutiny (1857) reinforced the fact that the army was inefficient despite the bravery of the soldiers. Also, it was Liberal policy to attack privilege and inefficiency so Cardwell's reforms implemented two of Gladstone's political principles. The reform of the army was made more urgent by the victories of the Prussian army over Austria in the Seven Weeks' War (1866) and over the French in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). It was clear that Bismarck had created a new, very professional and effective military power in Europe.
Hearing the news of the conditions for the soldiers in the Crimea through the reporting of Russell Howard William, Samuel Morton Peto offered to build the railway at cost without any contract or personal advantage to transport supplies from the port of Balaclava to the troops outside Sevastopol. They promised that the railway would be working within three weeks of arriving at balaclava.
The existence of the railway meant that sufficient supplies and armaments had been transported to the plateau for the allies to resume their attack. During the second winter, the supplies carried by the railway were different. As the siege had ended, the carriage of ammunition was less important, and the supplies transported were more for the accommodation and the comfort of the troops, including huts to replace tents, clothing, food, books and medical supplies.
Cholera was a major factor that effected England, especially London as living conditions were crowded so the disease traveled quickly. The disease was thought to be air born and so people were urged to drink more water, however, the real cause of the disease was the water as it was water born disease and all the waste in the water was causing the public health problems. The disease was also present among the troops in the Crimea and therefore the troops were allowed to wear beards, to save them from cutting themselves to pieces while attempting to shave. Mary Seacole heard about the cholera epidemic she traveled to London to offer her services to the British Army. There was considerable prejudice against women's involvement in medicine and her offer was rejected.
During the Crimean war she volunteered for duty and took 38 nurses to Scutari in 1854, where she established a military hospital, imposing strict discipline and standards of sanitation, which reduced the mortality rate amongst the wounded drastically. She became known as the 'Lady with the Lamp' because of her lamp lit tours of inspection. She returned to England and with a testimonial fund of £50,000 founded nursing homes in London's hospitals, the first of which was St Thomas's. She was also instrumental in improving living conditions in the army. Florence spent much of the rest of her life giving advice and wrote 'Notes on Nursing' which was published in 1859 and reprinted through many editions.
Edward Cardwell was Secretary of State for War between 1870 and 1874; he embarked on a much-needed reform of the British army which continued after he left political life, exhausted by his struggle with the army. The Crimean War (1854-6) had highlighted the shortcomings of the Commissariat and supply departments; it had also demonstrated that reforms were essential. The Indian Mutiny (1857) reinforced the fact that the army was inefficient despite the bravery of the soldiers. Also, it was Liberal policy to attack privilege and inefficiency so Cardwell's reforms implemented two of Gladstone's political principles. The reform of the army was made more urgent by the victories of the Prussian army over Austria in the Seven Weeks' War (1866) and over the French in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). It was clear that Bismarck had created a new, very professional and effective military power in Europe.
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